Haiti become an independent republic, the second in the western hemisphere after the United States. This comes after years of rebellion against French led by enslaved and free Blacks on the island.
Abraham Lincoln is elected to the presidency of the United States. This comes after years of political debate over the future of slavery. Lincoln’s party, the Republicans, are in favor of limiting the spread of slavery, not emancipation.
Representatives of the growing Confederacy meet in Montgomery, Alabama, and approve the Constitution of the Confederate States of America, officially forming the Confederacy.